Partly equivalent to: “Provincia Altoandina” and “Provincia Puneña” ( Cabrera, 1994) NT1002 “Central Andean Puna” and NT1001 “Central Andean Dry Puna” (WWF). According to this biogeographic model, the Central Andean Dry Puna belongs to the biogeographic province of the Xerophytic Puna. (2011) which partially coincidences with the WWF ecoregions, but is based more strictly on the concept and numerical definition of bioclimate as the main determinant of the spatial differentiation and geographic distribution of the different types of ecosystems in general. In this article we follow the biogeographic and bioclimatic model of Navarro (2002), Navarro (2011) and Rivas-Martínez et al.
We consider that the Central Andean Dry Puna extends south of latitude 18°S in the east (Oruro, Bolivia) to approximately 19°S in the west (Tarapacá, Chile) until approximately 26°S in northwestern Catamarca (Argentina) and eastern Antofagasta (Chile). Ĭentral-Andean Dry Puna (NT1001), distributed mainly in the Altiplano and Western Cordillera of Bolivia, northern Chile and northwestern Argentina.Ĭentral-Andean Puna (NT1002), distributed mainly in the south of Peru and the northwest of the Andes in Bolivia.
Ĭentral-Andean humid Puna (NT1003), extending from north-central Peru to the north of the Eastern Cordillera of Bolivia.Although the area is technically within a designated protected area, its future is not secure and may be threatened by potential expansion of oil and gas development ( Hagenstein et al., 2020).Īccording to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF, n.d.), the Puna Ecoregion belongs to the “Biome of the bush and montane grasslands,” which includes three sub-ecoregions: The portion of the refuge that falls in this ecoregion was designated as a special study area when the refuge was created in 1980 to evaluate the potential for oil and gas development. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge represents the only large protected area in the ecoregion. Oilfield development is currently expanding to the west. The transportation corridor that includes the Dalton Highway and the Trans-Alaska Pipeline also represents a significant area of disturbance due to direct habitat loss, potential deflection of migratory animals, and increased human access. The disturbance that has occurred has mostly been isolated to the community of Utqiaġvik (formerly known as Barrow), and to industrial development in the Prudhoe Bay and Kuparuk oil fields.
WORLD WILD LIFE FUND CODE
The World Wildlife Fund rates the Coastal Plain ecoregion (Scientific code NA1103) as ‘Relatively Stable and Intact.’ Over 90% of the Arctic Coastal Plain habitat remains intact. Elias, in Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, 2020 Conservation status
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